Astronomical Theories During the Time of Copernicus
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This is a 5 page paper discussing the Copernican theory and the considerations for and against it. During the time of Copernicus in the 16th century, astronomers were faced with the challenge of updating the calendar and the astronomical systems used for navigation because the calendars and methods used for centuries were proving to be inaccurate. To do this astronomers, like Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler, promoting the heliocentric theory had to refute the generally accepted physics of Aristotle which promoted the natural place of bodies resulted in their natural motion and the astronomy of Ptolemy which advocated the geocentric system of planetary motion in which the Earth was the center of the universe. Both theories were accepted by the powerful Catholic Church which believed that the geocentric system was also written in the Scriptures. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TJCoper1.rtf

Baconianism and the Royal Society
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A paper which considers whether or not the Royal Society could be regarded as following Baconian scientific principles and the effect which Bacon had on scientific thought and methodology. Bibliography lists 5 sources
Filename: JLbacon.rtf

Basic Observations in Astronomy
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A 10 page overview of some of the basic premises of astronomy. Outlines the Big Bang theory and provides a description of Venus, Mars, and the four Jovian planets (Saturn, Pluto, Uranus, and Jupiter) in relation to the Earth and Sun, speculating on such anomalies as Venus’ retrograde rotation. Outlines the methodologies and theories utilized by astronomers such as the Doppler Effect, Wien’s Law, Absorption Spectrum, Stefan-Boltzmann Law, and the Emission Spectrum. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPastron.wps

Bernoulli's Principle
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5 pages in length. Bernoulli's Principle, named after the Swiss Mathematician Daniel Bernoulli, provides the basis upon which air and speed equal pressure. In its most basic form, Bernoulli's Principle is responsible for establishing the inherent relationship between velocity and pressure as they relate to slow-moving air. While other principles address the issues associated with high pressure and force, Bernoulli's Principle asserts that fast moving air creates lower pressure than slow moving air. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCbern.wps

Carolus Linnaeus, Demitri I Mendeleev and Leonhard Euler
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This 5 page paper outlines the work and achievements of these three men that focus on the logical organisation of information and the ability to classify information into logical groups. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEmendel.rtf

Chaos Theory
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An 8 page research paper on chaos theory, fractals, etc;. The beginnings of chaos theory are discussed briefly, citing scientists who initially made discoveries and fostered the study of chaos, e.g., Lorenz, Mandelbrot. Based on the research, a premise is put forth: if order can be found in the most complex systems, then order or patterns can be found in events thought to be without any order (animal stampedes are used as one of several examples). Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Chaos.wps

Chaos Theory
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This 8 page report discusses the fact that, at its core, chaos theory and its direct relationship to physics, since it is the science of physics which determined that all movement can be defined as being determined, random, or chaotic. The concepts as well as the history of how those concepts were reached are presented. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWchaos.rtf