The Cell as a "Supramolecular Machine"
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An 8 page overview of cellular function. Concentrating on cellular function in viruses, the author utilizes RNA to illustrate the view that the cell is a supramolecular machine. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPrnaCll.rtf

The Ediacaran Biota of the Precambrian: A Separate Kingdom or The Ancestors of Modern Animals
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A 10 page overview of the Ediacaran Biota, an assemblage of fascinating organisms first discovered in the fossil record in 1946. Describes the ongoing controversy as to whether these organisms belonged to the Animal Kingdom or comprised their own previously undescribed kingdom. Presents the ancillary question that if these organisms were indeed animals did they die out in the Precambrian or are they actually the ancestors of modern day animals. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPfossil.wps

The Ethics Of Human Cloning
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A 5 page paper. There is an ongoing debate regarding the ethics of cloning. This essay presents both the benefits and dangers of cloning humans. The writer then presents an argument to support one side of the issue. 1 table is included. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PGhumcl2.rtf

The Evolution of Teeth
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A 10 page outline of the evolution of teeth from the lower vertebrates to more advanced species such as man. Describes the origin of jaw structure and structures such as conodonts (minute toothlike structures) which were the precursors of advanced teeth. Outlines the further evolution of these teeth in the higher mammals with the appearance of features like the hypocone which expanded the grinding surface of teeth and resulted in an explosion of mammal species some forty thousand years ago. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPevTeth.wps

The Evolution-Creationism Debate
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This 5 page paper examines both points of view and concludes that these are not necessarily competing theories and may even complement each other. The debate is discussed and each concept is defined and explored. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA512evo.rtf

The Extinction Vortex in Regard to Bees
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This 8 page paper discusses the “extinction vortex” with regard to what it is and how it is used. It also examines such things as the sex ratio, population size and lethal recessive allele with regard to species survival. Finally, it discusses the apparent die-off of bees in the U.S. and considers reasons for it. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: HVExtVor.rtf

The Future of Human Cloning.
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(7 pp) The idea of human cloning either sounds like something out of a bad science fiction movie, is a boon to medical science or a travesty to morality. As in the case of most exaggerations, there is a shred of truth in all of them. Although our proposed challenge is to project what might happen, some of those projections will be examined under a humorous light. Generally speaking we learn best when we can laugh. Other projections are as assigned. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BBclone.doc