“Native Roots”: A Review of the Book by Jack Weatherford
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A 5 page discussion of the numerous lessons presented in this book on Native American history and the culture’s impacts on the Europeans who invaded Native lands. This book offers a provocative view of the manner in which mainstream America is indebted to its indigenous inhabitants the Native Americans. Despite the lack of recognition of the fact, many attributes of Native knowledge and culture became slowly and indelibly engraved into white culture. In “Native Roots” Weatherford presents a clear and logical argument that what developed even more slowly over the years which would follow was an interdependence of white and Native American culture. The author of this paper contends that the scenario which is related in “Native Roots” has a number of implications, particularly to the liberal arts classroom. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPnaRoot.rtf

“No Turning Back: A Hopi Indian Woman's Struggle to Live in Two Worlds”: A Review of the Book by Polingaysi Qoyawayma
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An 11 page review of Polingaysi Qoyawayma’s “No Turning Back: A Hopi Indian Woman's Struggle to Live in Two Worlds”. This paper investigates the life struggle of a Hopi woman who as a child was one of the first Hopi children ever to be educated in white schools and who as an adult had a difficult time balancing her Native commitment to the life she made in the white world. Ironically, she would later become the first Hopi teacher to teach within the same schools she had attended as a child. Her entire life, however, would be an apparent struggle between native and white lifeways. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPnaHopW.rtf

“Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early North America”: A Review of the Book by Gary Nash
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A 7 page overview of Nash’s views on the impacts inflicted on Native Americans and African Americans by European colonists. Notes that any culture’s objective is cultural survival and that it is not that unique to emphasize one’s own survival even if it means the decimation of another. No additional sources are provided.
Filename: PPnaNash.rtf

“Sitting Bull and the Paradox of the Lakota Nationhood”
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A 4 page review of the book by Gary Clayton Anderson. The author details the contradictions which are inherent in the historical pronouncement of the Lakota people as a "nation". Anderson's thesis is that the final recognition of the Lakota as a nation was indeed a paradox. Not only had the U.S. government never historically recognized the Lakota as a true nation and would fail to give that recognition even after they themselves had pronounced the Lakota a nation, they withheld the designation until a time when the Lakota were least capable of acting as a nation. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPnaStB2.rtf

“Sun Chief”: A Review of Hopi Culture and Belief
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A 5 page discussion of some of the central premises presented in this autobiography edited by Leo Simmons. The early life of Hopi Indian Talayesva illustrates that of one who is caught between two cultures, his traditional culture and mainstream American culture. This imbalance is actually one which is addressed by the traditional Hopi view of balance, a view which equally encompasses the balance between the modern world and traditions and the balance between the more primitive elements of life. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPnaSunC.rtf

“The American Indians”: A Critique of the Web Site
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A 4 page overview of this web site and its features. The author concludes that this is more of a commercial site than a site designed solely to provide a lesson in American history. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPnaWebSiteEval.rtf

“The Apache wars”
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A twelve page paper which looks at the origins and progress of the wars between the Apache Indians and the Americans during the nineteenth century, with reference to the different strategies which were employed by both sides, the role played by Apache leaders such as Geronimo, the importance of Apache scouts to the American troops and the eventual outcome of the conflict in terms of the cultural development of the Indian nations. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: JLApache.rtf